Ⅰ型胶原蛋白生物膜在损伤肌腱内源性愈合过程中的作用

Role of collagen type Ⅰ biofilm in endogenous healing of injured tendon

目的探讨Ⅰ型胶原蛋白生物膜材料在损伤肌腱内源性愈合过程中的作用。方法选取16只健康SD大鼠随机分成实验组和对照组,每组8只。通过手术切割缝合方法建立大鼠损伤肌腱模型,采用改良Kessler法修复损伤的肌腱。实验组在损伤肌腱修复后使用Ⅰ型胶原蛋白生物膜包裹处理后关闭伤口,对照组在损伤肌腱修复后直接关闭伤口,分别于治疗后第1、2、3、4周取材,HE染色观察肌腱愈合情况,免疫荧光(IF法)检测肌腱愈合过程中Ⅰ型胶原蛋白的表达情况。结果随着治疗时间推移,肉眼观察到实验组肌腱光滑,与周围组织极少有粘连;对照组肌腱损伤处与周围组织粘连明显。HE染色发现,实验组肌腱细胞及胶原纤维沉积呈线性排列,较为整齐;对照组肌腱组织周围可见大量成纤维细胞及毛细血管向肌腱细胞浸润,与肌腱细胞融合,胶原排列紊乱,实验组肌腱愈合质量明显优于对照组。免疫荧光检测发现,2组成熟新生肌腱细胞多表达Ⅰ型胶原,核被染成蓝色荧光,显微镜下观察可见荧光足够亮,并能稳定较长时间;通过染色细胞计数,治疗后1~4周实验组Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达高于对照组(P<0.05),胶原纤维排列更加有序(P<0.05)。2组表达Ⅰ型胶原蛋白特性的细胞比例比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论Ⅰ型胶原蛋白生物膜材料在损伤肌腱内源性愈合过程中有促进作用。

Objective To investigate the effect of collagen Ⅰ biofilm on the endogenous healing of injured tendon. Methods A total of 16 healthy SD rats were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group,with 8 rats in each group. The rat injured tendon model was established by surgical incision and suture,and the injured tendon repaired by modified Kessler method. The wound in the experimental group was closed after the injured tendon repaired and wrapped with collagen Ⅰ biofilm,and the wound in the control group was directly closed after the injured tendon was repaired. The samples were taken in the 1st,2nd,3rd,and 4th weeks after treatment and HE staining was used to observe the tendon healing,and immunofluorescence( IF method) was used to detect the expression of collagen Ⅰ during the tendon healing. Results With the passage of time after operation,the tendon in the experimental group was smooth and rarely adhered to the surrounding tissues observed by naked eye;while the injured tendon in the control group was obviously adhered to the surrounding tissues.HE staining showed that the tendon cells and collagen fiber deposition in the experimental group were linearly arranged and relatively neat;while a large number of fibroblasts and capillaries infiltrated into the tendon cell space and fused with the tendon cells,and the collagen arrangement was disordered in the tendon tissues of the control group,and the healing quality in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group. Immunofluorescence detection showed that more collagen Ⅰ were expressed in mature newborn tendon cells of the two groups,and their nuclei were stained with blue fluorescence,which were bright enough and stable for a long time under the microscope. The stained cell count found that the expressing of collagen Ⅰ in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group 1 to 4 weeks after treatment( P < 0. 05) and collagen fibers were arranged more orderly( P < 0. 05). There was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of the characteristics cells of collagen Ⅰ between the two groups( P < 0. 05). Conclusion Collagen Ⅰ biofilm material can promote the endogenous healing of the injured tendon.