面向绿色基础设施的城市信息学:纽约市行道树数据收集、分析与公众科学的综合研究

Urban Informatics for Green Infrastructure:An Integrated Approach for Street Trees Data Collection,Analytics,and Citizen Science in New York City

越来越多的时空数据使得对复杂的城市系统进行细致深入的调查研究成为可能。尽管已有对城市环境中人居活动的时空特征的充分调查研究,但城市景观的时空复杂性仍未得到充分探索。介绍了纽约市行道树普查项目的起因、经过和其产生的影响,包括数据收集、整合和分析的方法,以及公众科学将城市管理与社区参与联系起来的多种途径。针对当前技术存在的局限,提出一种人工主导、计算机执行的,可应用于城市林业数据收集和信息管理的集成方法。并借鉴美国纽约及其他城市的相关经验,对当前中国城市林业的发展状况进行了研究。这种人机结合的数据采集方法,对实现城市中自然、科技和人的紧密联系具有重要意义和价值。

Increasing spatial-temporal data enable granular and complex investigations of cities as complex systems.While previous studies investigated the promises of urban computing and spatial-temporal dynamics of human mobility in the urban environment,the urban landscape’s spatial-temporal complexity is still largely unexplored.This study overviews the origin,process,and impact of the New York City Street Trees Census,including its data collection process,integration and analytics methods,and citizen science connecting urban management and community engagement.Based on various limitations of current technology,the author proposes an integrated approach with both human-led and machine-conducted data generation techniques for urban forestry data collection and management.Reflecting on the case of NYC and other cities in the U.S.,the author discusses the current development of urban forestry data in Chinese cities.The conclusion highlights an integrated approach’s critical contribution,which would fuse both manual and automated data collection and bring nature,technology,and people together in cities.