“流乡村”理念下边远乡村发展策略与规划研究——以贵州省石阡县楼上村为例

The Development Strategy and Planning Methodology for the Remote Countryside from the Perspective of Country in Flows:Taking Loushang Village of Guizhou Province as a Case

传统乡村规划偏重实体物质空间改善与要素组织,依赖实体集聚,因而空间可达性较低的边远乡村始终面临着发展困境。移动互联网改变了空间可达性的界定,流乡村开始涌现,为边远乡村的发展提供了新的机遇。基于此,本文确立虚实互促的流乡村发展理念,构建实体、虚拟双维度的潜力识别体系和线上、线下相协同的规划方法,并以贵州省石阡县楼上村为例进行实践检验。提出嫁接移动互联网后的产业转型、营销提质、空间虚实互动以及治理多元化等策略,为边远乡村创新发展提供借鉴。

The traditional rural planning focuses on the improvement of physical space and the organization of elements,and relies on the agglomeration of entities.Therefore,the remote countrysides with low spatial accessibility always face development difficulties.Mobile Internet has changed the definition of spatial accessibility,and countries in flows have emerged,providing new opportunities for the development of remote countryside.Based on this,this paper establishes the development concept of country in flows with the mutual promotion of the entity and virtual elements,holding the view that remote countryside can make full use of the advantages of the unique heterogeneous local resources,while solving the problem of poor spatial accessibility through virtual agglomeration.In addition,this paper constructs the potential identification system of two dimensions of entity and virtual,which points out that the development planning of remote countryside should pay attention to its development in virtual and physical space at the same time.Therefore,besides traditional offline identification,online research is added to form a more three-dimensional and multidimensional feature identification.The planning methodology of online and offline coordination is also proposed,which points out that the planning of remote countryside needs to coordinate the allocation of online and offline resources,and actively promotes the element connection of virtual and real space on the basis of overall consideration of industry,space,governance and other subsystems,and finally realize the change to the country in flow.At last,this paper takes the Loushang village of Shiqian County in Guizhou Province as an example to test the practice.It has carried out research on the status quo from online and offline dimensions and points out that Loushang village maintains the spatial pattern and cultural characteristics of traditional villages,has good ecological resources,and is continuously concerned and strongly supported by the local government.The overall development potential of Loushang village is great.At present,the difficulties of industrial development mainly come from the remote location,mountainous terrain and talent shortages.At the same time,the backwardness of online publicity leads to a lack of market awareness in a wider region,and the dependence on government blood-transfusion investment will weaken the enthusiasm of local innovation and entrepreneurship to a certain extent.In such conditions,in order to get rid of the shackles of physical spatial location and realize the value transformation of historical culture and ecological resources of Loushang village,Internet thinking must be used to establish the development concept of“country in flow”.Therefore,this plan puts forward the strategies of industrial transformation,marketing quality improvement,space virtual real interaction and governance diversification in the era of mobile Internet,so as to provide references for the innovative development of remote countryside.The first is the industrial transformation.The industrial development of Loushang village needs to focus on tourism and agriculture continuously,and opens up the market with the help of the diversified e-commerce mode of the Internet.On the one hand,it publicizes the original and ecological life of Loushang village through new communication channels such as live broadcast and short video,and build momentum through online and offline interaction.At the same time,it is needed to pay attention to the composition of“people-goods-places”and the quality of offline service,expand the market of agricultural products and enhance the attraction of tourism resources to new customers,achieving online flow attraction and offline quality improvement.The second is the interaction between virtual and real space,which includes two aspects.On the one hand,under the integration of“Xiangchou”platform,the space construction mode of online and offline collusion,co construction and sharing is operated.On the other hand,the e-commerce and live broadcast industry is implanted into the newly built part of Loushang village,making the new part and the old part with historical and traditional features form a functional linkage.Finally,multiple governance of online and offline must be advocated in the governance system,including vertical restructuring and horizontal collaboration.The vertical governance system is the basis of industrial upgrading.It is suggested to promote the formation of a governance pattern led by the superior government,implemented by the two committees of the village,organized and guided by the“new rural sages”and actively participated by the villagers.The horizontal governance system is an inevitable requirement to coordinate the interests of all parties and achieve sustainable development on the basis of the existing industry.It can rely on the economic cooperation organization and online village affairs platform to form a development pattern of multi-party coordination and online and offline villagers’cogovernance and cooperation.