我国环境公益诉讼制度设计的弊端与改进

Drawbacks in the System Design of the Environmental Public Interest Litigation and Ways of Improvement

现代社会的复杂性和风险性,决定了将专业的社会公共事务交由专业的行政机关来管理。人民检察院和社会组织的职责显然与行政管理职责不同。对行政机关的职责应当予以充分尊重。法律应当保障行政权的依法有效行使。《民事诉讼法》第55条和相关司法解释等法律文件关于环境民事公益诉讼的规定存在导致检察权和审判权一道僭越行政权、虚化行政权、默认或放任行政不作为和怠政、审判权膨胀和失能的严重弊端。如果算大的政治帐、经济账的话,这个制度的施行弊大于利。因此,对现行环境公益诉讼制度的弊端做出分析并提出改进建议具有重要意义。

With the complexity and risk of modern society,professional social public affairs need to be managed by professional administrative organs.While the functions and duties of the People’s Procuratorates and social organizations are obviously different from those of the administration,the functions and duties of administrative organs shall be fully respected.The law shall guarantee the effective lawful exercise and execution of administrative power.Article 55 of The Civil Procedure Law and the related judicial interpretation on public interest litigation have some flaws,leading to the usurpation of administrative power,the falsification of administrative power,the acquiescence of illegal administrative inaction,the omission of administrative power,and the expansion and incapacity of judicial power.Counted as a whole,the political and economic costs for implementing this system will do more harm than good.This paper analyzes the disadvantages of the current environmental public interest litigation system and puts forward some suggestions for improvement.