RNAi技术在昆虫防控研究中的应用和发展前景

Application and Development Prospect of RNAi Technology in Pest Control

随着昆虫分子生物学技术的蓬勃发展,RNA干扰(RNAi)作为21世纪以来的变革性技术,通过特异性抑制靶基因转录后水平的表达,在昆虫基因功能研究方面被广泛应用。由于沉默重要基因的表达会导致某些昆虫的死亡或行为缺陷,故该技术被认为是一种潜在的害虫防治策略,在控制、研究甚至保护昆虫方面具有巨大潜力,目前已被广泛应用于半翅目、直翅目、双翅目等昆虫。RNAi是昆虫学研究和害虫控制潜在应用的流行和重要的反向遗传学策略。从RNAi技术的原理、导入方法、效率影响因素及在农业害虫中的应用研究实例等4方面进行了综述,并对其防控应用和发展前景进行了展望。

Along with the vigorous development of insect molecular biology technology,RNA interference(RNAi),as a transformative technology since the 21st century,is necessary in the study of insect gene function by specific inhibition of the expression of the target gene transcription level.Silencing important gene expression will lead to the death or behavioral defect of some insects,so the technology is considered as a potential pest control strategy.Besides,RNAi technology has great potential in insect control,research,and protection,and they have been widely applied in the Hemiptera,Orthoptera,Diptera insects,etc.RNAi is a popular and important reverse genetic strategy for entomological research and potential applications of pest control.In this paper,the principle,import method,efficiency influencing factors,application research examples of RNAi technology in agricultural pests and development prospects are reviewed.