创业失败的区域差异:基于中国环渤海地区的横向比较

Regional Differences of Entrepreneurial Failure:A Comparison in the Circum-Bohai-Sea Region

通过检查不同区域创业失败特点的差异,试图更好的展示社会制度对创业的影响.特别地,我们分析了环渤海区域五个省份200个创业失败案例,从制度环境的三个维度:规范维度(当前企业有他人投资,感知到的失败耻辱)、认知维度(失败到再创业的时间间隔、创业失败归因)和规制维度(创业失败扶持政策)阐释了不同省份的创业失败特点,并提出五个相关命题:制度环境佳的区域,创业失败者再次创业能够得到较多的他人投资;创业失败者感知到的失败耻辱较弱;创业失败者再创业的速度越快;创业失败者越倾向于将失败归咎于可控的因素;支持创业失败者再创业或再就业的政策就越多.

This paper aims to study the impact of social institution on entrepreneurship by examining the differences of entrepreneurial failure in different regions.We analyzed 200 cases of entrepreneurial failure in five provinces in the Circum-Bohai-Sea Region,and presented the characteristics of entrepreneurial failure in different regions from three dimensions of institutional environment,namely,the normative dimension(external investment on the start-ups and the shame for failure),the cognitive dimension(intervals between failure and restart,and attributions of entrepreneurial failure),and the regulatory dimension(supportive policies for entrepreneurial failure).Five propositions are put forward based on the findings:In the regions with sound institutional environment,entrepreneurs whose previous business failed can get more external investment when they start new ventures;The failed have little shame for their failures;The more quickly an entrepreneurrestarts a new venture,the more possible that he will attribute the failure to the controllable factors;There are more policies supporting people who fail in their start-ups to restart the business or get employed.