三沙湾春季浮游植物群落结构特征

Characteristic of phytoplankton community structure in Sansha Bay of Fujian Province in spring

于2019年4月在福建省三沙湾海域24个站位进行浮游植物采样调查,对浮游植物种类组成、优势种群、细胞密度及生态学指数进行初步研究,结果表明三沙湾海域共鉴定浮游植物4门69属181种,其中硅藻门57属161种、甲藻门10属16种、蓝藻门1属3种、金藻门1属1种;优势种有具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcata)、中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)、菱形海线藻(Thalassionema nitzschioides)、琼氏圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus jonesianus)和菱形藻(Nitzschia sp.);浮游植物细胞密度为中层>底层>表层,水平分布中各站位有较大差异,密度介于(9.20~38.9)×10^(6)个/m^(3)之间,平均值为22.67×10^(6)个/m^(3);不同站位丰富度指数介于0.77~1.83之间,平均值为1.24;均匀度指数介于0.35~0.74之间,平均值为0.63;多样性指数介于1.14~2.63之间,平均值为2.13,总体评价处于中等水平。

Phytoplankton samples were collected from 24 stations in Sansha Bay,Fujian Province in April 2019.The species composition,dominant population,cell density and ecological index of phytoplankton were preliminarily studied.The results showed that 181 species belonging to 69 genera and 4 phyla were identified in Sansha Bay,including 161 species in 57 genera of Bacillariophyta,16 species in 10 genera in Dinoflagellates,1 genus and 3 species in Cyanophyta,1 genus and 1 species in Chrysophyta.The dominant species were Paralia sulcata,Skeletonema costatum,Thalassionema nitzschioides,Coscinodiscus jonesianus and Nitzschia sp.The cell density of phytoplankton in the middle layer was higher than that in the bottom layer,and the density of phytoplankton varied greatly in the horizontal distribution.The density ranged from(9.2~38.9)×10^(6) cells/m^(3),with an average of 22.67×10^(6) cells/m^(3).The richness index of different stations was between 0.77~1.83,with an average of 1.24.The evenness index was between 0.35~0.74,with an average of 0.63.The diversity index was between 1.14~2.63,with an average of 2.13.And the overall evaluation was in the middle level.