危险类型和感觉寻求对年轻新手驾驶员危险知觉的影响

Effects of hazard types and sensation seeking on young novice drivers’hazard perception

本研究采用真实的交通情境视频为实验材料,考察高、低感觉寻求年轻新手驾驶员对明显危险和隐藏危险的反应时和眼动的差异。结果发现:在反应时上,高感觉寻求驾驶员对明显危险的反应时与低感觉寻求驾驶员相似,但是他们对隐藏危险的反应时比低感觉寻求驾驶员长。在眼动上,高感觉寻求驾驶员对明显危险的平均注视时间比低感觉寻求驾驶员短,两组驾驶员对隐藏危险的平均注视时间差异不显著。驾驶员首次注视时间受危险类型的影响但不受感觉寻求的影响。研究结果表明,感觉寻求对年轻新手驾驶员危险知觉的影响随着危险类型不同而变化。

The present study aimed to investigate the differences of high and low sensation seeking young novice drivers in response time and eye movement using video clips filmed from drivers’perspective.The results showed that high sensation seeking drivers’response time to overt hazard was similar with that of low sensation seeking drivers,but their response time to covert hazard was slower than that of their peers.For eye movement,high sensation drivers’fixation duration on overt hazards was shorter than their peers,but no difference was found on the two driver groups’fixation duration on covert hazards.Drivers’first fixation duration was affected by hazard type but not by sensation seeking.The findings showed that young novice drivers’high sensation seeking tendency and low visibility of the hazards both had adverse influence on their hazard perception.