基于双迭片结构的三维声压梯度矢量水听器

Three-dimensional Pressure Gradient Vector Hydrophone Composed of Bimorph Transducer

矢量水听器可以测量声场中水质点运动的矢量信息,其中由双声压水听器构成的声压梯度矢量水听器,结构简单,适用于低频探测。通过对铍铜合金与压电陶瓷圆片构成的振子进行模态分析,制作了6只一致性好的双迭片型声压水听器作为声压梯度矢量水听器振子。将基于双迭片与压电陶瓷环结构制作的声压梯度矢量水听器进行灵敏度和指向性校准。结果表明,基于双迭片结构的声压梯度矢量水听器灵敏度级比基于压电陶瓷环结构的高4 dB左右,指向性满足余弦分布规律,满足工程使用要求。

The vector hydrophone can measure the vector information of the water mass movement in the sound field.Among them,the pressure gradient vector hydrophone composed of two hydrophones is simple in structure and is suitable for low frequency detection.The modal analysis of the vibrator composed of beryllium copper alloy and piezoelectric ceramic disc is analyzed,and six bimorph hydrophones with good consistency are assembled as the vibrators of the pressure gradient vector hydrophone.The sensitivity and directivity of the pressure gradient vector hydrophone composed of bimorph and piezoelectric ceramic ring were calibrated.The results show that the sensitivity level of the pressure gradient vector hydrophone composed of the bimorph is 4 dB higher than that of the vector hydrophone composed of the piezoelectric ceramic ring,the directivity meets the cosine distribution and the engineering application requirements.