生态创新对资源型城市产业结构与工业绿色效率的影响

Impact of ecological innovation on the economic transformation of resource-based cities

理清生态创新对资源型城市产业结构和工业绿色效率的影响,对资源型城市实现经济转型具有重要意义。本文以中国115个资源型城市为例,通过测算这些城市的产业结构高级度、工业绿色效率,构建回归模型,实证分析了生态创新对不同发展阶段资源型城市产业结构升级和工业绿色效率提升的影响。研究发现:①中国资源型城市的产业结构和工业绿色效率都存在较大的空间差异,且两者具有相似的空间格局,表现较优的城市主要集中在陕西、山西和内蒙古南部、山东西部等地区;②生态创新对提升资源型城市的产业结构具有显著的正向作用,这种作用对成长型、成熟型、衰退型和再生型资源型城市均显著;③生态创新对提升资源型城市工业绿色效率没有显著的影响,其中生态创新对成长型城市提升工业绿色效率有显著负面影响,对成熟型、衰退型和再生型城市的影响则不显著。基于以上发现,本文认为生态创新对于促进中国资源型城市经济转型升级的作用尚未得到充分显现,并提出完善中国资源型城市生态创新政策的具体建议。

The impact of technological innovation on urban economic transformation has received great attention, but few existing studies have focused on the impact of ecological innovation on the economic transformation of resource-based cities. This study used data of 115 resource-based prefecture-level cities in China from 2009 to 2017 to test the impact of ecological innovation on resource-based cities, including the upgrading of industrial structure and industrial green efficiency.It was found that the economic transformation of China’s resource-based cities is still at an early stage. Although the industrial green efficiency of resource-based cities has improved, the upward trend of the industrial structure upgrading was very weak. Resource-based cities are spatially differentiated in their economic transformation capabilities. The cities with high performance are concentrated in Shaanxi Province, Shanxi Province, southern Inner Mongolia, and western Shandong Province. The empirical results show that ecological innovation has a significant positive effect on improving the level of industrial structure upgrading in resource-based cities, and this effect is more pronounced in mature and regenerative cities. But the impact of ecological innovation on improving industrial green efficiency is not significant. We suggest that innovation policies need to be tailored according to the characteristics of different cities.