汉语自贬的语用研究

A pragmatic study on Chinese self-depreciation

本研究的自贬特指说话人通过降低对自己或与自己密切相关的人、物、事的评价,以达到特定交际目的的言语行为。本文以126例汉语自贬语料为研究材料,从会话角色、话轮位置和语用功能等三个维度,对自贬展开单一维度的描述性研究和跨维度的交互分析,认为自贬是一种主要由低权势说话人向高权势听话人使用的、以应对性为主的、以表示礼貌和陈述事实为主要语用功能的言语行为。

Self-depreciation in this paper refers specifically to the speech act that the speakerdepreciates the self-evaluation and implies an intended pragmatic function towards the hearer.Supported by 126 samples of self-depreciation in the Chinese context,this paper makes both the single dimensional descriptive and the multi-dimensional interactive analyses of self-depreciation from the perspectives of conversation roles,turn-taking positions and pragmatic functions.It finally declares that selfdepreciation is primarily a response-oriented speech act for politeness and fact-stating of the low-power ranking speaker to the high-power ranking hearer.