农村仪式性人情异化后果及其矫正

The Consequence of the Alienation of Rural Ritualistic Renqing and its Rectify

当前农村普遍面临着仪式性人情异化的困境。基于鄂西H县Z村的实地调查发现,人情名目的无序增加、随礼规则的失序和礼金的攀升以及去仪式化构成了仪式性人情的异化面向,仪式性人情变异为功利性人情。传统人情交往规则的瓦解是造成人情异化的宏观背景,经济分化背景下富人群体的带动、村民村庄生活预期的短期化以及村民对在村关系的依赖所导致的人情退出机制的缺乏是人情异化产生的中观层面原因。仪式性人情的异化带来了农村消费性贫困的生成、社会交往的底层排斥以及村庄社会关系的撕裂等社会后果。建议可充分借助政策及制度手段,有针对性地强化地方政府对农村人情交往秩序的引导作用,使之有意识地对农村做出移风易俗的努力,积极倡导社会主义新型物质精神文明的建设,重建农村良性的人情交往秩序。

At present, the rural areas are generally faced with the dilemma of the alienation of ritualistic renqing. Based on field investigation of Z village in H County, Western Hubei, it is found that the ritual ritualistic renqing changes into the utilitarian because of the disorderly increasing of renqing items, the disorder of the giving gifts rules, the rising of the gift money and the de-ritualization constituting the alienation orientation of the ritual ritualistic renqing relationship together. Under the background of economic differentiation, the driving force of the rich group, the short-term expectation of villagers’ village life, and the lack of exit mechanism caused by villagers’ dependence on village relations are the reasons of meso level of renqing alienation. The alienation of ritualistic renqing has caused the generation of rural consumption poverty, the bottom exclusion of social communication, and the tearing of village social relations. It is suggested that we should make full use of policy and institutional means to strengthen the guiding role of local governments in the order of exchange of renqing to change customs consciously in rural areas, actively advocate the construction of new socialist material and spiritual civilization, and rebuild the healthy order of renqing relationship.