巨菌草饲粮对七彩山鸡血液指标和脂肪相关基因的影响

Effects of Pennisetum giganteum on blood biochemical parameters and expression of fat related genes in Phasianus colchicus

旨在探究日粮中添加巨菌草对七彩山鸡血液生理生化指标以及脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)基因和钙激活蛋白酶抑制蛋白(CAST)基因表达影响。在为期3周预试验后,选取1周龄(无外观上缺失,无精神、食欲不振等情况)健康的七彩山鸡(母)210只,随机分为1个对照组和4个处理组,每组3个重复,每个重复14只,5个组分别是在基础饲料中添加0%、4%、8%、12%、16%的巨菌草,饲养试验为期16周。结果:与对照组相比,8%巨菌草组七彩山鸡的平均体重显著增加(P<0.05),4%、8%和12%巨菌草组日增重显著增加(P<0.05),4%、8%巨菌草组料重比显著降低(P<0.05);在血液生理指标方面,与对照组相比,8%巨菌草组红细胞数(WBC)、红细胞比积(HCT)均显著提高(P<0.05),8%、12%巨菌草组平均血小板体积(MPV)显著提高(P<0.05),8%巨菌草组血小板体积分布宽度(PDW)显著降低(P<0.05);在血液生化指标方面,与对照组相比,8%巨菌草组总蛋白(TP)、血清球蛋白(GLO)、甘油三酯(TG)显著提高(P<0.05),12%、16%巨菌草组低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)显著下降(P<0.05),12%巨菌草组总胆固醇(TC)明显降低(P<0.05),其余各生理指标均有所改善,但无显著差异(P>0.05);运用RT-qPCR对七彩山鸡肌肉LPL基因和CAST基因的表达进行检测,结果8%巨菌草组对LPL和CAST基因表达的局部影响最显著(P<0.05)。试验表明,饲粮中添加8%~12%巨菌草可以改善七彩山鸡的生长情况、血液指标,增加脂肪酸结合蛋白的表达,可一定程度上提高七彩山鸡生长性能和免疫性能。

This study was to detect the physiological and biochemical indexes of blood of Phasianus colchicus,and the expression of the lipoprotein lipase(LPL)gene and calcium-activated protease inhibitory protein(CAST)gene in the chickens by adding Pennisetum giganteum to their diet.After a 3-week pilot test,210 healthy Phasianus colchicus(females)at one week of age(with no appearance abnormality,no mental depression,loss of appetite,etc.)were selected and randomly divided into the control group and four feed treatment groups,with three replicates per group and 14 chickens per replicate.The tested diets of the five groups were formulated by adding 0%,4%,8%,12%,and 16%Pennisetum giganteum to the basic diet.The formal test lasted for 16 weeks.The results were as follows:Compared with the control group,the average body weight of the Phasianus colchicus in the 8%Pennisetum giganteum group increased significantly(P<0.05),the daily weight gain of the 4%,8%and 12%Pennisetum giganteum groups increased significantly(P<0.05),and the feed-to-weight ratio of the 4%and 8%Pennisetum giganteum groups was significantly reduced(P<0.05).In terms of physiological indicators,compared with the control group,the WBC and HTC of the 8%Pennisetum giganteum group was significantly increased(P<0.05),the MPV in the 8%and 12%Pennisetum giganteum groups increased significantly(P<0.05),and the PDW in the 8%Pennisetum giganteum group significantly decreased(P<0.05).In terms of biochemical indicators,compared with the control group,the TP,GLO and TG in the 8%Pennisetum gigan-teum Group increased significantly(P<0.05),the effects of LDL-C in the 12%and 16%groups were decreased significantly(P<0.05),the TC in the 12%group was significantly reduced(P<0.05),and other physiological indicators in these groups were improved but with no significant difference(P>0.05).The results of RT-q PCR showed that the 8%Pennisetum giganteum group had the most significant local effect on the expression of the LPL and CAST genes(P<0.05).To sum up,the addition of 8%-12%Pennisetum giganteum to the diet of Phasianus colchicus improved the growth and blood indexes of the birds,increased the expression of fatty acid binding protein in them,and promoted their growth and immune performance to a certain extent.