深度创伤后瘢痕发生发展机制及干细胞来源的外泌体治疗研究进展

Progress on the mechanism of scar formation and development after deep trauma and the treatment of exosomes derived from stem cells

增生性瘢痕是皮肤深度创伤的病理性结局,给患者带来了生理和心理上的痛苦,目前仍缺少理想的治疗方法。外泌体是细胞内多囊泡体与细胞膜融合后分泌至细胞外环境的纳米囊泡,参与细胞间通信、细胞增殖、细胞迁徙和免疫调节等过程,在机体的生理和病理过程中发挥重要的作用。多种干细胞外泌体参与皮肤创伤修复的多个过程,有望成为增生性瘢痕的治疗药物和递药载体。本文就深度创伤后瘢痕的发生机制和外泌体治疗研究进展作一综述。

Hypertrophic scars are the pathological outcome of deep skin trauma,which brings physical and psychological pain to patients,and there is still a lack of ideal treatment methods.Exosomes are nanovesicles that are secreted into the extracellular environment after the fusion of intracellular multivesicular bodies and cell membranes,and participate in processes such as intercellular communication,cell proliferation,cell migration,and immune regulation and play an important role in the physiological and pathological processes of the body.A variety of stem cell exosomes are involved in multiple processes of skin wound repair and are expected to become therapeutic drugs and drug delivery carriers for hypertrophic scars.This article summarizes the mechanism of scars after deep trauma and the research progress of exosomes treatment.