妇女孕前生活方式和体重控制行为研究

Study on women’s pre-pregnancy lifestyle and weight control behavior

目的探讨妇女孕前3个月的生活方式和体重控制行为。方法选取2018年7月至2019年5月在十堰市妇幼保健院首次进行产前检查的816名妇女进行问卷调查。根据体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)将其分为正常体重组(403人,49.39%)、肥胖前期组(238人,29.17%)、肥胖组(175人,21.45%),比较3组妇女的孕前生活方式和体重控制行为。结果(1)49.39%的妇女体重正常;29.17%的妇女处于肥胖前期;21.45%的妇女肥胖。(2)51.35%的妇女孕前计划怀孕;25.25%的妇女补充叶酸;1.23%的妇女吸烟;10.54%的妇女饮酒。(3)45.96%的妇女存在体重控制行为。在教育年限多、城市户籍、自我感知肥胖的情况下,妇女会采取体重控制行为(P<0.05)。结论大部分妇女在孕前3个月是有怀孕计划的,但叶酸服用率低;在体重控制行为上呈现出盲目性。

Objective To explore the lifestyle and weight control behavior of women in the first 3 months of pregnancy.Methods 816 women who underwent prenatal checkups at Shiyan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from July 2018 to May 2019 were selected for questionnaire survey.According to body mass index(BMI),they were divided into normal weight group(403 persons,49.39%),pre-obesity group(238 persons,29.17%)and obesity group(175 persons,21.45%).The pre-pregnancy lifestyle and weight control behaviors of the three groups of women were compared.Results(1)49.39%of the women’s weight was within the normal range,29.17%of the women were in the prophase of obesity,21.45%of women were obese.(2)51.35%of women planed to become pregnant before pregnancy;25.25%of women supplemented with folic acid;1.23%of women smoke;10.54%of women drank alcohol.(3)45.96%of women had weight control behaviors.Women would take weight control behavior when they had more years of education,urban household registration,and self-perceived obesity(P<0.05).Conclusion Most women have pregnancy plans 3 months before pregnancy,but the folic acid intake rate is low.There is blindness in weight control behavior.