屠格涅夫对歌德《浮士德》的接受——以《父与子》为例

Turgenev’s Acceptance of Goethe’s Faust——Taking Father and Son as an Example

在19世纪俄罗斯很多作家的作品中,都不难发现德国文学,尤其是歌德的影响。屠格涅夫的《父与子》即为显例,从中可以找到很多对歌德悲剧《浮士德》的共同点和呼应:在巴扎洛夫的身上就有浮士德的影子。比较两者可以发现,巴扎洛夫这个人物的内核与其创造者建构《父与子》的内涵与意图,都体现出整部作品的深刻思想及其作者对世界与美的理解。探讨屠格涅夫对《浮士德》的接受,对于理解巴扎洛夫的死亡结局也有所裨益。

In the works of many Russian writers in the 19 th century, it is not difficult to find German literature, especially Goethe’s influence on them. In Turgenev’s Father and Son, we can find many common points and echoes of Goethe’s tragedy Faust. In Bazarov’s body, we can find the shadow of Faust. From the comparison between the two, we can find the core of Bazarov and the connotation and intention of Turgenev’s whole novel Father and Son, which embodies Turgenev’s whole work. Deep thinking and his understanding of the world and beauty are also helpful to understand Bazarov’s death outcome.