中国青少年体能指数与心理亚健康的相关性

Correlation between physical fitness index and mental sub-health among Chinese adolescents

目的了解中国青少年心理亚健康和体能状况及其相关性,为促进中国青少年身心健康发展提供参考。方法在中国华东、华北、中南、西北、西南和东北地区,采用分层随机整体抽样法抽取16 545名13~22岁青少年,采用青少年亚健康多维评定问卷(Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents,MSQA)中的心理问卷进行心理亚健康调查,同时进行体能测试。采用χ^(2)检验及Logistic回归分析对青少年不同体能状况与心理亚健康的关系进行分析。结果高等级体能指数青少年的心理亚健康状态总体检出率为11.9%,低等级检出率为26.0%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=970.73,P<0.05)。高等级体能指数男生心理亚健康检出率为11.1%,低等级检出率为24.4%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=566.12,P<0.05);高等级体能指数女生心理亚健康检出率为12.8%,低等级检出率为27.6%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=412.25,P<0.05)。Logistic回归模型在调整了性别、年龄、体质量指数和地区之后,低等级体能指数青少年心理亚健康状态检出率为高等级者的2.35倍(95%CI=2.12~2.61)。结论青少年体能水平较差者发生心理亚健康风险较高。应重视青少年体能发展水平,全面提升中国青少年身心健康发展。

Objective To investigate the association between mental sub-health and physical fitness of Chinese adolescents, to provide a reference for promoting the physical and mental health of Chinese adolescents. Methods A total of 16 545 adolescents(13-22 years) were selected by random cluster sampling in six major administrative regions in China. The psychological part of the Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents(MSQA) and the physical fitness index test were used to assess mental sub-health and physical fitness, respectively. The chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze and compare the relationships between different levels of physical fitness and mental sub-health. Results The overall detection rate of mental sub-health status among high-grade physical fitness index adolescents was 11.9%, and the detection rate among low-grade physical fitness index youths was 26.0%, and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=970.73,P<0.05). The overall detection rate among high-grade physical fitness index boys was 11.1%, and that of low-grade physical fitness index boys was 24.4%. The difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=566.12,P<0.05). The overall detection rate of mental sub-health status among high-level physical fitness index girls was 12.8%, and that among low-level physical fitness index girls was 27.6%, and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=412.25,P<0.05). After adjusting for gender, age, BMI, and region in the Logistic regression model, the detection rate of mental sub-health status of adolescents with low-grade physical fitness index was 2.35 times higher than that of high-grade physical fitness index adolescents(95%CI=2.12-2.61). Conclusion Adolescents with poor physical fitness have a higher risk of mental sub-health.Attention should be paid to adolescent physical fitness development to comprehensively improve physical and mental health development.