膳食因素对女大学生桡骨超声传导速度的影响

Influence of dietary factors on radius speed of sound in female college students

目的了解大学阶段年轻女性桡骨超声传导速度(speed of sound, SOS)水平以及膳食对骨骼健康的影响,为有效预防大学生骨折和骨质疏松症的发生提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,抽取河北医科大学女大学生363名作为调查对象,半定量食物频率法用于膳食调查。使用主成分分析得出膳食模式,超声骨密度仪用于测定桡骨SOS。结果女大学生平均SOS为(4 138.0±114.3)m/s,骨量偏低者占26.7%。因子分析法提取了3种主要的膳食模式,分别为"零食类""植物性""高蛋白高脂肪"模式,其累计贡献率为55.4%。多元线性回归分析显示,随着年龄的增加,桡骨SOS水平增加,小吃零食类食物与SOS水平呈负相关(β值分别为13.23,-0.47,P值均<0.05)。结论大学阶段仍然是女性骨量积累的高峰时期,小吃零食可能对骨骼健康带来负面影响。有必要在预防骨质疏松症的关键时期开展营养宣教以提高大学生健康意识,树立良好生活习惯,倡导健康生活。

Objective To understand the level of radius speed of sound(SOS) in female college students and explore the effect of dietary on their bone health,so as to provide a reference for effective prevention fracture and osteoporosis among college students. Methods A total of 363 female college students were selected by multistage stratified random sampling method. Dietary intake was assessed with a self-administered food frequency questionnaire, principal component analysis was used to derive dietary patterns. Speed of sound was measured by ultrasonic bone densitometer. Results In all, the mean SOS of female college students was(4 138.0±114.3)m/s, 26.7% of female college students had low bone mass. Three dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis, explaining 55.4% of the diet variation: "snack" "plant" "high protein and high fat" patterns, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that with the increase of age, the level of SOS in radius increased significantly;and snacks consumption was negatively associated with the level of SOS(β=13.23,-0.47, P<0.05). Conclusion University stage is still the critical period of bone mass accumulation for female, snacks consumption may have a negative impact on bone health, so it is necessary to carry out nutrition education to help improve health awareness, promote health eating, and lead health lives to prevent osteoporosis.