济南市大学生体力活动抑郁症状与进食障碍的关联

Association of physical activity and depressive symptoms with eating disorders among college students in Jinan

目的了解大学生体力活动和抑郁症状与进食障碍的关联,为开展大学生进食障碍干预工作提供理论依据。方法采用整群抽样法,抽取山东省济南市3所本科院校共计2 712名大学生开展问卷调查,采用一般资料调查表、国际体力活动问卷短卷、病人健康问卷抑郁量表和进食态度问卷进行调查。结果被调查大学生中,体力活动未达标组1 750名(64.5%),达标组962名(35.5%);有抑郁症状者488名(18.0%);进食障碍者452名(16.7%)。不同性别、自评学习压力、体力活动及抑郁症状的大学生进食障碍检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为63.65,23.17,34.24,70.66,P值均<0.05)。调整人口学变量后,多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,体力活动和抑郁症状均与进食障碍呈正相关(OR值分别为1.59,2.58,P值均<0.01)。相同抑郁症状组别中,体力活动水平越低,进食障碍检出率越高。结论大学生体力活动和抑郁症状与进食障碍有关。可通过积极改善抑郁症状、增加体育锻炼等途径干预进食障碍。

Objective To understand the relationship between physical activity, depressive symptoms and eating disorders among college students, and to provide a theoretical basis for the intervention of eating disorders among college students. Methods A questionnaire survey including International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale and Eating Attitude Test was administered among 2 712 college students from three universities. Results Among the college students surveyed, 1 750(64.5%) did not meet the recommendations for physical activity, 962(35.5%) met the recommendation for physical activity;488(18.0%) reported depressive symptoms, 452(16.7%) reported symptoms of eating disorders. There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of eating disorders by genders, self-assessed learning pressure, physical activity and depressive symptoms(χ^(2)=63.65, 23.17, 34.24, 70.66, P<0.05). After adjusting for demographic variables, the results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that physical activity and depressive symptoms were positively correlated with eating disorders(OR=1.59, 2.58, P<0.01). In the depression group, lower level of physical activity, was associated with higher rate of eating disorders. Conclusion Physical activity and depressive symptoms of college students were related to eating disorders. It is suggest that eating disorders might be alleviated by actively improving depressive symptoms and increasing physical activity.