中国能源企业应对新冠肺炎疫情的公共危机治理

Public Crisis Governanceof Chinese Energy Enterprises in Response to COVID-19 Epidemic

企业是公共危机治理的中坚力量,但相关实证研究一向薄弱。立足新冠肺炎疫情防控背景,选择我国能源企业作为考察对象,研究中国能源企业参与公共危机治理的行动框架、治理效能和特点。现实中的新冠肺炎疫情可以分为爆发期、高位期、低位和收尾期三个阶段,能源企业的危机治理在疫情防控全程始终以维护国家能源安全、确保煤电油气供应为首要任务,并根据疫情的变化不断调整行动主轴:从疫情爆发期的"回应原则"优先,疫情高位期的"韧性塑造"优先到疫情低位和收尾期的"经济复原"优先。此次能源企业参与新冠肺炎疫情治理呈现出以下显著特点:政府与企业高度协同,双方的协同机制运作良好;充分运用技术手段提高治理效率;重视产业互助、追求共享价值;在社区、村镇等基层构成了群防群控的重要力量;企业党建充实了危机治理所必需的社会资本。研究显示,企业参与危机治理的核心优势在于利用自身资产和价值,通过负责任的生产经营活动满足社会的迫切需求。

Enterprises are the backbone of public crisis governance,but the relevant empirical research has always been weak.Based on the background of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control,Chinese energy enterprises were selected as research objects to study the action framework,governance effectiveness and characteristics of Chinese energy enterprises ′ participation in public crisis governance.COVID-19 epidemic in reality can be divided into three stages including outbreak period,high period and low and ending period.The crisis governance of energy enterprises throughout the epidemic prevention and control has always focused on safeguarding national energy security and ensuring the supply of coal,electricity,oil and gas,and constantly adjusted the main axis of action according to the changes in the epidemic,i.e.,the priority has been changed from response principle in the outbreak period to resilience shaping in the high period and to economic re-covery in the low and ending period.The participation of energy enterprises in COVID-19 epidemic control has the following characteristics :the government and the enterprises are highly coordinated and the collaborative mechanism has been operated smoothly,the governance efficiency has been improved by making full use of technical means,importance has been attached to industrial mutual assistance and the shared value has been pursued,an important force of mass prevention and control has been constituted in communities,villages,towns and other grass-roots units,and the party building of the enterprises has enriched the social capital necessary for crisis governance.The research shows that the core advantage of enterprises ′ participation in crisis governance lies in using their own assets and values to meet the urgent needs of the society through re-sponsible production and operation activities.