湿法制硫酸工艺技术比较

Comparison of Wet Sulfuric Acid Process Technologies

炼油厂制硫酸装置主要采用的技术分为干法制硫酸和湿法制硫酸两种。湿法制酸工艺领域目前应用比较广泛的主要包括丹麦托普索WSA工艺和奥地利P&P公司SOP工艺,通过对两种湿法制硫酸工艺进行对比分析,得知:在除尘方式方面,SOP工艺物理除尘应用于中小规模制硫酸装置有优势,特别适用于废酸再生制硫酸装置;在尾气处理方面,WSA工艺双氧水洗处理气量大,SO2浓度适应性强,但必须考虑双氧水的安全问题;在取热方式方面,WSA工艺中采用水作为取热介质,虽然会使压力设备增多,但可以通过设计和管理解决此问题,并且没有熔盐凝固堵塞的问题存在;在除雾方式方面,SOP工艺静电除雾的效率更高,除雾精度更优异,但会有一定的安全风险。此外,对比了两种工艺的技术经济性,包括消耗、占地、投资、业绩等,可为相关企业选择湿法制硫酸工艺技术提供参考。

The main technologies used for sulfuric acid units in refineries include dry sulfuric acid technology and wet sulfuric acid technology.Haldor Topsoe ′s WSA process and P&P′s SOP process are the main wet sulfuric acid processes widely used at present.The comparative analysis of these two processes shows that in terms of dust removal,SOP process has the edge in small and medium-sized sulfuric acid units due to its physical dust removal and is especially suitable for waste acid regeneration unit.In terms of tail gas treatment,WSA process has high scrubbing capacity by use of hydrogen peroxide and has strong adaptability to SO2 concentration,but the safety of hydrogen peroxide must be considered.In terms of heating method,WSA process uses water as the heating medium.Although more pressure equipment is required,this problem can be solved through engineering design and management,and the solidification and blockage of molten salt will not occur.In terms of demisting method,SOP process has higher efficiency and precision due to its electrostatic demisting,but there are some safety risks.In addition,the techno-economics including consumption,land occupation,investment and performance of the two processes are compared,providing reference for the selection of wet sulfuric acid processes by relevant enterprises.