珠海大型温室番茄长季节栽培模式补光设计研究

Light Supplementary Design of Large Greenhouse Based on Tomato Long-Season Cultivation Model in Zhuhai

为了探索适宜我国光照特点的大型温室补光设计方法,以最少的人工补光弥补自然光照的不足,本文对珠海市1997—2016年共20年的自然光照数据进行分析,结合番茄光照需求规律,提出珠海大型温室番茄长季节栽培补光设计方法。结果表明,珠海地区夏季和秋季的自然光照条件好,春季次之,冬季最差。结合番茄长季节栽培工艺及不同生长阶段光照需求,7、8、9月育苗期,不需要进行额外的人工补光;生长期则需根据自然光照的变化适当补光,补光强度为102~166μmol/m^(2)·s。该补光设计方法充分考虑了区域自然光照资源,以较少的人工补光弥补了自然光照的不足,可供其他地区温室补光设计参考。

Large-scale greenhouses in China have developed rapidly and are mainly used for tomatoes and other fruits and vegetables.Due to the lack of systematic light supplement schemes,the yield and benefits are greatly affected.In order to explore a suitable light supplement for large-scale greenhouses in China,it was made an example in Zhuhai to explore the light supplement for long-season cultivation mode of large-scale greenhouse tomatoes in this article.Based on the analysis of natural light data in Zhuhai from 1997 to 2016,and the distribution of natural light in greenhouse and light demand of tomato,the design method of long-term cultivation of tomato in Zhuhai large greenhouse was put forward.When tomatoes are at the vegetative growth and fruit setting stage,appropriate light supplementation should be carried out according to the natural light environment at that time.The light supplementation intensity is 102-166μmol/m^(2)·s.Natural light has been fully considered,so less artificial light is used to make up for the shortage of natural light.This method can be used as a reference for light supplement design of other greenhouses.