车用飞轮混合动力系统的应用进展

Application progress of flywheel hybrid powertrain in vehicle

《节能与新能源汽车技术路线(2.0版)》的发布对汽车节能技术提出了新要求,对于传统内燃机汽车,只能通过添加二次能量存储装置实现部分制动能量回收。在几种典型的储能方式中,拉贡特性图表明飞轮储能具有高瞬时功率、高效率、快速响应、环境友好及循环寿命长等优点,从而成为传统内燃机汽车理想的二次储能技术。尽管飞轮储能技术的应用研究已经取得了一些进展,但目前国内外尚未有详细的研究来总结其在汽车工业领域上的应用。文中基于CNKI数据库、Engineering Village数据库及Web of Science数据库以“飞轮储能”为主题进行了数据检索,重点分析了“飞轮储能”技术在汽车工业方面的研究进展,且检索数据表明,近20年来车用飞轮储能技术虽为小众研究方向,但一直都在探索中。针对电驱动式和机械式两种典型的飞轮混合动力系统,重点关注了机械式飞轮混合动力系统在汽车领域内的探索、研究及验证历程,并详细阐述了该系统的结构特点、研究现状及未来研究趋势。综合分析表明,机械式系统通过飞轮与车辆传动系统间的纯机械连接,不仅解决了电驱动式中因电驱动系统功率限制而造成的动力与节能效果不足问题,还提高了车用飞轮混合动力系统能量转化效率。

Energy Saving and New Energy Vehicle Technology Route(version 2.0)puts forward new requirements for vehicle energy saving technology.Traditional vehicles with internal combustion engine(ICE)can only add secondary energy storage devices to recovery of part of braking energy.The Ragone diagramm shows that flywheel energy storage(FES)has many merits such as higher power density,higher efficiency,fast response,environmental-friendly performance and long cycling using life,which becomes an ideal secondary energy storage technology for traditional ICE vehicles.Despite some progress,there is no systematical review on the recent progress of flywheel energy storage system in the automotive industry.The FES is retrieved based on CNKI database,Engineering Village database and Web of Science database,and highlights on the analysis of application of FES technology in the automotive industry.Comprehensive databases show that FES technology has been exploring in the past twenty years.For two typical hybrid electric and mechanical energy storage and power delivery system,the exploration,research and verification process of the hybrid mechanical energy storage and power delivery system in vehicles is emphatically introduced.Meanwhile,the researches elaborate on the basic structure,characteristics,research status and development trend of this system.The comprehensive analyses show that the mechanical hybrid delivery system,through the pure mechanical connection between the flywheel and vehicle powertrain,not only solves the problem of insufficient power and energy-saving effect caused by the power limitation of the electric drive system,but also improves the energy conversion efficiency of the flywheel hybrid powertrain.