我国城市化的历史进程、现实挑战与战略转型

The Historical Process,Realistic Challenges and Strategic Transition of China's Urbanization

城市化是现代化、工业化的必由之路,是改革开放40年以来我国经济增长的重要引擎。我国正处于城市化快速推进、从规模扩张向质量提升的转型阶段。当前,我国城市化面临的现实挑战集中体现在:大城市数量显著增加,但空间分布不均衡;城市群成为区域增长极,但带动作用存在差异;生产性服务业快速崛起,但高度集中在少数城市;城市不可持续发展问题突出,治理水平亟待提升。因此,要采取加速一体化进程,通过促进城市之间专业化分工来推动区域协调发展;发展服务型制造,以城市之间产业融合并向价值链高端派生;构建竞争性市场与强化生态性规制并举,不断提高城市环境治理水平等战略转型举措,推动我国城市化进程的提质增效。

Urbanization is the only way to modernization and industrialization,and has become an important engine of China's economic growth since the reform and opening up 40 years ago.China is in the stage of rapid urbanization,from scale expansion to quality improvement.At present,the realistic challenges of China's urbanization are mainly reflected in the following aspects:the number of large cities has increased significantly,but the spatial distribution is unbalanced;urban agglomerations have become regional growth poles,but their driving roles are different;producer services are rising rapidly,but they are highly concentrated in a few cities;the problem of urban unsustainable development is prominent,and the governance level needs to be improved.Therefore,it is necessary to accelerate the process of integration,promote the regional coordinated development by promoting the specialized division of labor among cities,develop service-oriented manufacturing and derive from the high-end value chain by industrial integration between cities,build a competitive market and strengthen ecological regulation,and constantly improve the level of urban environmental governance,so as to promote the quality and efficiency of China's urbanization process.