摘要
在人类看来跳蛛科蚁蛛属的蜘蛛是经典的贝氏拟态类群,它们有类似于蚂蚁的体色形态甚至运动方式,看上去是非常完美的防御措施。但在自然界中,驱动拟态防御演化的动力主要来自捕食者,而这些捕食者有区别于人类的视觉能力,因此从捕食者的视觉来重新评估这种经典的贝氏拟态尤为必要。本研究通过控制不同光照条件,以活体蚂蚁(Camponotus sp.)和蚂蚁模仿者吉蚁蛛(Myrmarachn gisti)作为猎物,测试一种喜食蚂蚁的跳蛛(Siler sp.)的选择偏好。系列试验结果显示Siler sp.不能根据蚁蛛和蚂蚁的体色和形态来区分二者,但能根据M.gisti的特定警示行为发现它并非蚂蚁,而是同科种类。由此推断,对于食蚁的跳蛛捕食者来说,吉蚁蛛经典的贝氏拟态依旧是完美有效的防御方式。
The spiders of Myrmarachne genus are classic Batesian mimicry species.In human eyes,they are similar to ants in body colors,shapes and even movement modes,which are considered as perfect defense tactics.However,in nature,the evolutionary driving force of mimetic defense mainly comes from predators,and these predators have different visual abilities to human,so it is necessary to re-evaluate this classic Batesian mimicry from the perspective of predators.In this study,by controlling different light conditions,live ant(Camponotus sp.)and ant-mimic spider(Myrmarachn gisti.)were used to test the choice preference of an ant-eating jumping spider(Siler sp.).The results indicated that the ant-eating jumping spider could not distinguish Myrmarachne gisti and ant by their body colors and shapes,but could found M.gisti was the same family member rather than ant via the specific warning behavior of M.gisti.This study suggested that the classic Batesian mimicry of spider Myrrmarachne gisti was still a perfect and effective strategy in defensing ant-eating predators.
作者
常海珍
焦晓国
刘杰
张增焘
CHANG Hai-Zhen;JIAO Xiao-Guo;LIU Jie;ZHANG Zeng-Tao(State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering,Center for Behavioural Ecology and Evolution(CBEE),School of Life Sciences,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,P.R.China)
出处
《蛛形学报》
2020年第1期71-75,共5页
Acta Arachnologica Sinica
基金
中国科学院热带森林生态学重点实验室开放课题(19CAS-TFE-3)资助项目。
关键词
贝氏拟态
蚁蛛
捕食者
蚂蚁
视觉
Batesian mimicry
ant-mimic spider
predator
ant
vision