^(13)C同位素示踪ITER碳壁腐蚀的方法综述

Summary of^(13)C Isotope Tracing Methods for ITER Carbon Wall Corrosion

碳原子序列较低,可耐高温,具有高导热性和优良的等离子体相容性,十分适合作为托卡马克(ITER)中的面向等离子体材料(Plasma Facing Materials,PFMs)。但碳壁在面临聚变装置内部复杂的使用环境时,会遭受等离子体粒子(尤其是氢同位素D、T粒子)的轰炸、瞬态和稳态高热负荷和电磁效应等伤害,形成的碳共沉积层将大幅度降低聚变堆中的等离子体持续放电,影响材料的寿命。同位素示踪技术可通过追踪元素的运行轨迹或变化来检测碳璧腐蚀程度,简单高效且灵敏度高,离子束分析技术是目前最常用的同位素分析方法,文中通过对比分析几种常用的离子束分析技术,综合介绍了^(13)C同位素示踪ITER碳壁腐蚀的方法。

Plasma Facing Materials(PFMs)is a kind of material suitable for using in ITER because of its low carbon atom sequence,high temperature resistance,stable performance,high thermal conductivity and excellent plasma compatibility.However,in the face of the complex environment of fusion device,carbon wall will suffer damage such as the plasma particles(especially hydrogen isotope D,T particles)bombing,the transient and steady state heat load,the formation of the carbon deposit is a major defects of carbon PFM that will reduce the total fusion of the plasma discharge,affect the service life of materials.Therefore,it must can ensure its safe use by testing.Isotope tracer technology uses radioisotope or enriched rare stable isotope as a tracer to trace elements of orbit or change to detect the change of the experiment.This method is simple and efficient,high sensitivity and easy to determine multiple elements and have application in material science.It is used to detect the corrosion degree of carbon wall,which is an efficient and feasible real-time detection method that can be used inside the device without stopping the operation and contact.This paper compares and analyzes several commonly used ion beam analysis techniques,and comprehensively introduces the method of 13C isotope tracing ITER carbon wall corrosion.