2010—2020年安徽省新城疫病原学监测数据分析

Analysis on the Etiological Surveillance Data of Newcastle Disease in Anhui Province during 2010 to 2020

为了解安徽省家禽新城疫流行态势,以便为其科学防控提供依据,统计分析2010—2020年4115个场点的家禽咽喉/泄殖腔棉拭子样品新城疫病原学检测结果,包括2096个鸡场、249个鸭场、112个鹅场、1129个家禽交易市场和529个散养村。结果显示:有90个场点检出阳性样品,总体群体阳性率为2.19%;鸡场、鸭场、鹅场、交易市场和散养村的群体阳性率分别为1.67%、1.61%、4.46%、3.54%和1.13%,各年份的群体阳性率介于0~5.87%;鸡场、交易市场的病原阳性检出频次高于鸭场、鹅场和散养村。结果表明,安徽省新城疫总体防控效果较好,但效果不稳定,其中交易市场、鹅场和鸭场的疫情暴发和散播风险较高。结果提示,应进一步加强对养禽场的免疫、监测、扑杀、消毒、无害化处理等综合防控以及对交易市场的监管和消毒,积极开展新城疫净化工作,从根本上控制新城疫的发生与流行。

In order to identify the prevalence trend of poultry Newcastle disease(ND)in Anhui Province to provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of the disease,the test results of cotton swab samples of poultry throat/cloaca from 4115 premises during the period from 2010 to 2020 were summarized and analyzed,involving 2096 chicken farms,249 duck farms,112 goose farms,1129 poultry markets and 529 free-range villages.The results showed that a total of 90 positive premises were detected,with the overall positive rate at premise level of 2.19%;the positive rates of chicken farms,duck farms,goose farms,poultry markets and free-range villages at premise level were 1.67%,1.61%,4.46%,3.54%and 1.13%respectively,and ranged from 0 to 5.87%every year;the detection rates of positive pathogens were higher in chicken farms and poultry markets compared to duck farms,goose farms and free-range villages.It was concluded that the prevention and control of ND received good but unstable effectiveness in general,especially in markets,goose farms and duck farms where the risk of disease outbreak and spreading was higher,which indicated that comprehensive prevention and control measures such as vaccination,monitoring,stamping-out,disinfection and bio-security disposal as well as the supervision and disinfection for markets should be strengthened,and purification against the disease should be implemented actively so as to control the occurrence and prevalence of ND fundamentally.