老年骨折患者害怕跌倒现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the status quo and influencing factors of fractures and afraid of falling in elderly patients

目的调查老年骨折患者害怕跌倒现状及影响因素,为临床护理干预提供理论依据。方法选取2017年7月—2019年5月河北省某三级甲等医院骨科病房老年骨折术后患者172例进行问卷调查,包括患者一般资料、修正版跌倒效能量表(MFES)、简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)和Morse老年人跌倒风险评估量表(MFS)。结果老年骨折患者跌倒效能平均评分5.70±2.65分,得分最低的项目是“上下楼梯”和“乘坐公共交通工具”,分别为2.35±1.43分和2.39±1.61分。多元线性回归分析显示,合并慢性疾病数量多、有跌倒史、有抑郁是老年骨折患者害怕跌倒的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论老年骨折患者害怕跌倒程度较高,护理人员应及时对患者害怕跌倒进行动态评估,并给予个体化干预措施,以恢复患者身体功能,提高生活质量。

Objective To investigate the status quo and influencing factors of fractures and afraid of falling in elderly patients,and provide theoretical basis for clinical nursing intervention.Methods A total of 172 elderly patients undergoing fracture surgery in the orthopedic ward of a tertiary A hospital in Hebei Province from July 2017 to May 2019 were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey,including general patient information,modified fall efficacy scale(MFES),and simplified elderly depression scale(GDS-15)and Morse fall risk assessment scale(MFS).Results The elderly patients with fractures had an average score of 5.70±2.65 points for fall performance,and the lowest scores were"up and down stairs"and"ride on public transportation",was respectively 2.35±1.43 points and 2.39±1.61 points.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the a large number of combined chronic diseases,a history of falls,and depression were the main factors influencing the afraid of falls in elderly patients with fractures(P<0.05).Conclusion The elderly patients with fractures were more afraid of falling.Nursing staff should make a dynamic assessment of the patients'afraid of falling and give individualized intervention measures to restore the patients'physical function and improve the quality of life.