威伯恩《小交响曲》(Op.21)新论——基于序列组合、对称原则、五度框架的综合分析

A New Analysis of Anton Webern’s Symphonie Op.21——Based on the Combination Law of Rows,the Principle of Symmetry and the Using of Perfect Fifth

《小交响曲》(Op.21)是威伯恩创作的一首逻辑严谨、构思缜密的十二音序列作品。该作品在序列的选择与布局方面,有三条规则发挥着重要作用:由序列本身的特征而延伸出的序列组合规律、以对称原则为指导的结构特征、以纯五度关系为框架的音高骨架。这三条规则相辅相成,渗透在作品的每一个片段之中。文中对这三条规则的原理与作用进行了分别阐述,并以这三条规则为基础综合分析了该曲在音高与结构上的总体特征。

Symphonie Op.21 is a masterpiece among Webern’s twelve-tone works which is logically rigorous and well conceived.There are three important rules that deeply affect the selection of a tone row and the structure of the work:the combination law of rows that extended from the features of the row;the structural feature guided by the principle of symmetry;and the using of perfect fifth as the pitch framework.These rules complement each other and permeate every part of the work.In this paper,the author will expound the principles and functions of these rules separately,and summarize the characteristics of Webern’s twelve-tone technique of this work.