基于CVM的海洋保护区生态补偿标准及影响因素研究——以嵊泗马鞍列岛为例

The standard and its influencing factors of ecological compensation on marine protected areas based on CVM:A case study of Shengsi Ma'an Islands

生态补偿标准的核定是海洋保护区生态补偿研究的关键,而利益主体的生态补偿意愿与水平及其影响因素是制定合理的生态补偿标准和提高补偿效率的重要基础。本文以嵊泗马鞍列岛海洋保护区为例,根据利益相关者分析,确定该生态补偿的主要受偿者为居民,主要补偿者为政府、游客和外来经商人员。在此基础上,根据条件价值评估法,通过对保护区内居民和游客的问卷调查,并结合Logit和Tobit模型对影响居民和游客的生态补偿意愿与水平的关键因素进行识别。结果表明:68.54%的被调查居民具有受偿意愿,平均受偿水平约为248.03元/(人·年)。其受偿意愿主要受年龄、职业等因素影响,而受偿水平主要受年龄、家庭年收入等因素影响。绝大部分游客(97.62%的被调查者)具有支付意愿,平均支付水平约为203.55元/(人·年)。其支付水平主要受家庭年收入、居住地和对生态补偿的了解程度等因素影响。

The verification of ecological compensation standard is the key to the research on marine protected area ecological compensation,and the willingness of ecological compensation of stakeholders and its influencing factors are important foundations for formulating reasonable ecological compensation standard and improving compensation efficiency.Taking the Shengsi Ma'an Islands marine protection area(MPA)as an example,this paper determined the main recipients of the ecological compensation as residents and the main compensators as the government,tourists and non-local businessmen according to stakeholder analysis.On this basis,through the questionnaire survey of residents and tourists in the MPA,contingent valuation method(CVM)was selected to analyze the willingness to accept(WTA)of residents and the willingness to pay(WTP)of tourists.The results show that 68.54%of the surveyed residents have the WTA,and they are willing to accept an annual average of about 248.03 yuan.Their WTA is mainly affected by age,occupation and other factors,while the acceptance value is mainly affected by age,family income and other factors.Most tourists(97.62%of respondents)have the WTP,and they are willing to pay an annual average of about 203.55 yuan.The payment value is mainly affected by the family annual income,residence location and understanding of ecological compensation.