伦理同盟:拉康、康德、萨德

Ethical Alliance:Lacan,Kant,and Sade

萨德是拉康与康德之间的一座桥梁。拉康、康德、萨德都为自己的伦理系统设置了一个外在动因,即大他者欲望、绝对命令、大自然之欲望。拉康依循精神分析伦理学之核心范畴欲望及其对抗性力量快感这条线索,顺着萨德之性虐幻象,追溯到康德那里。虽然拉康设想的伦理与康德预设的道德具有不同的指涉,但却有着认知结构上的同一性,那就是它们都在精妙的理论思辨和准确的逻辑自洽的背后,掏空了自身的内涵。内在匮乏性必然会暗含着某种自我颠覆的力量。如果说康德因其道德的形式主义而被携带私货的萨德暗中鸠占鹊巢,那么拉康由于其精神分析伦理学之内涵的匮乏和苍白,最终也不得不与康德站到了一起。这表明,拉康、康德、萨德形成了某种伦理同盟,并由此动摇了拉康的批判立场。

Sade is a bridge between Lacan and Kant.Lacan,Kant,and Sade have all set an external dynamic for their ethical system.Taking the clue of desire and jouissance in psychoanalytic ethics,following Sade’s fantasy,Lacan traces to Kant.Although the ethics conceived by Lacan and the morals presupposed by Kant have different references,they have certain identity in cognitive structure.If Kant’s theoretical space was secretly taken over by Sade due to Kant’s moral formalism,then Lacan would eventually have to stand with Kant because of the lackness and paleness in the connotation of his psychoanalytic ethics.This reveals that Lacan,Kant,and Sade reach an ethical alliance,which shakes Lacan’s critical position.