从五部日记看卢沟桥事变后中国主流知识精英之反应

The Lugouqiao Incident and the Responseof Chinese Intellectual Elites from Five Diaries

重大事件发生之后,社会各界的反应,往往表现了对事件的敏感度和关注度。1937年7月7日日军制造的卢沟桥事变,是外国侵略中国的标志性事件,这一事件空前地刺激着中国社会的神经。无论是政治、军事还是经济、文化各界都对此高度注视,并呈现出心态与行为的一致性和多样性。从《蔡元培日记》《竺可桢日记》《吴宓日记》《顾颉刚日记》和《夏鼐日记》来看,五位知识精英对于卢沟桥事变的反应速度是比较快的。由于所处地位、身份、区域的不同,知识精英对卢沟桥事变的反应、事变之后的经历和感受虽然不尽一致,但又有着惊人的共通性,即都坚持抵抗日本侵略,关怀中华民族的命运和前途,为战事胜利而欢欣鼓舞,为战事失败而忧心悲愤。尽管日记中也透露出有少数社会名流沦为汉奸,但以五位为代表的知识精英,才真正体现了民族国家的主流意识和不屈不挠的精神气质,预示着中国抗日战争必将胜利的结局。

The Lugouqiao Incident made by the Japanese army on July 7,1937,is a landmark event of foreign aggression against China,which stimulated the nerves of Chinese society unprecedentedly.From the diaries of Cai Yuanpei,Zhu Kezhen,Wu Mi,Gu Jiegang and Xia Nai,we can see that the intellectual elites’response to the Lugouqiao Incident is relatively fast.Due to their different positions,identities and regions,the responses of the five intellectual elites to the Lugouqiao Incident,their experiences and feelings after the incident are not all the same,but they share an amazing commonality,that is,they all insist on resisting Japanese aggression.The five intellectual elites represent the mainstream consciousness and indomitable spirit of the nation-state,which indicates the victory of China’s anti-Japanese war.