基于仿生子结构的铝合金板式节点拓扑优化

The Topology Optimization of Aluminum Alloy Gusset-type Joint Based on Bionic Substructures

针对铝合金板式节点自重大且应用传统拓扑优化效果不佳的问题,在子结构拓扑优化的基础上利用仿生学原理提出一种仿生子结构划分方法,显著改善了铝合金板式节点的拓扑优化效果,并构建一种轻质高强的新型铝合金节点。首先以Y型节点为例提出仿生子结构拓扑优化的基本思路和数学模型并验证了该方法的有效性;然后应用该方法对传统铝合金板式节点进行拓扑优化。优化过程中,先使用SolidWorks软件建立节点模型;然后以甲虫前翅为仿生对象进行拓扑优化子结构划分,并应用HyperWorks有限元软件中的OptiStruct求解器进行给定荷载条件下的节点拓扑优化分析;再通过OSSmooth模块进行FEA reanalysis处理,提取优化结果的关键拓扑特征;最后将拓扑节点有限元模型通过SolidWorks软件进行重建模设计,获得新型铝合金节点。研究结果表明,仿生子结构拓扑优化方法有效提升了结构优化效率和优化效果,应用该方法得到的新型铝合金节点在最大等效应力降低19.97%的同时大幅降低其自重52.91%。

Aiming at the problem of over large self-weight of aluminum alloy gusset-type joint and poor results of traditional topology optimization,a bionic substructures division method was proposed by using bionics principles based on substructure topology optimization.The topological optimization effect of aluminum alloy gusset-type joint was improved significantly and a new lightweight and high-strength aluminum alloy joint was constructed.First,the basic idea and mathematical model of bionic substructures topology optimization was proposed and then verified using the Y-type joint as an example.The method was applied to study the topological optimization of traditional aluminum alloy gusset-type joint.In the process of optimization,the SolidWorks software was used to build the joint model.Then the substructures of topology optimization were divided using the beetle s forewing as the bionic referenced object.In addition,the OptiStruct solver in HyperWorks finite element software was applied to analyze the joint topology optimization under a given load condition.The key topological features of the optimization result were extracted by FEA reanalysis processing through the OSSmooth module.Finally,the finite element model of the topological joint was reconstructed by SolidWorks software and a new-type aluminum alloy joint was obtained.The results show that the bionic substructure topology optimization method improved the efficiency and effect of structural optimization greatly.Using this method,the maximum equivalent stress of the new-type aluminum alloy joint was reduced by 19.97%and its self-weight was greatly reduced by 52.91%.