高铁开通对劳动生产率的影响研究--基于生产性服务业集聚和产业结构变迁视角

Study on the Impact of High-speed Railway on Labor Productivity——From the Perspective of Producer Service Industry Agglomeration and Industrial Structure Change

将高铁开通作为准自然实验,以2005~2017年286个地级及以上城市的面板数据为样本,从生产性服务业集聚和产业结构变迁视角探究高铁开通对劳动生产率的影响,并运用双重差分估计(DID)和倾向匹配得分双重差分估计(PSM-DID)等方法对高铁开通与劳动生产率进行实证分析和稳健性检验。结果发现:高铁开通对劳动生产率具有显著正向影响,且影响程度在不同地区和不同人口规模城市存在异质性;随着生产性服务业集聚从专业化向多样化转变,高铁开通对劳动生产率的正向影响逐渐加强;同时,高铁开通能够缓解产业结构高级化和合理化对劳动生产率产生的负向影响。

This paper discusses the impact of high-speed railway on labor productivity from the perspective of producer service industry agglomeration and industrial structure change,and uses the panel data of 286 prefecture-level cities from 2005 to 2017 to conduct an empirical test with DID and other methods.Results show that the positive impact of high-speed railway on labor productivity is gradually strengthened by the transition from professional agglomeration to diversified agglomeration of production and service industries.The high-speed railway alleviates the negative impact of industrial structure upgrading and rationalization on labor productivity.In different regions and cities with different population sizes,the impact of high-speed railway on labor productivity is heterogeneous.