我国刑事被害人社会补偿制度之构建

The Construction of Social Compensation System for Criminal Victims in China

以犯罪人为中心的刑事政策使被害人权利遭到严重忽视,尤其在经济上难以获得充分赔偿,易于导致被害人的"二次伤害"。建立刑事被害人社会补偿制度,将刑事被害人的权利保护纳入社会保障法体系范畴已被世界多国选择。我国应引入社会补偿制度,重新审视国家与社会、救助与补偿之间内涵与区别,明晰刑事被害人社会补偿制度的性质,构建补偿对象清晰、补偿条件明确、资金来源充裕、管理机构权威的刑事被害人社会补偿制度,以实现我国刑事被害人权利的充分保障。

The criminal policy of taking the criminal as the center makes the victim’s rights seriously ignored,especially in the economy,it is difficult to obtain full compensation,and it is easy to lead to the victim’s"secondary injury".It has been chosen by many countries in the world to establish a social compensation system for criminal victims and bring the protection of criminal victims’rights into the scope of social security law system.China should introduce the social compensation system,re-examine the connotation and differences between the state and society,relief and compensation,clarify the nature of the social compensation system for criminal victims,and build a social compensation system for criminal victims with clear compensation objects,clear compensation conditions,abundant sources of funds and authoritative management institutions,so as to fully guarantee the rights of criminal victims in China.