英国公众眼中的中国环保形象--基于图式理论的访谈研究

China's Environmental Image in the Eyes of the British Public:An Interview Study Based on Schema Theory

当前环境问题成为国际社会争夺话语权力和利益博弈的新兴领域,提升中国环保形象的战略意义显著上升。引入图式理论的研究视角,通过对英国公众展开深度访谈,探索英国公众所持有的中国环保形象认知图式的表征、来源及相关影响因素。英国公众对中国环保形象的负面图式具有静态、类型化的特点,主要受传统主流媒体的影响,负面图式集中在生态环境状况、经济发展模式和全球气候治理角色等方面,并且图式的同化现象比较突出。英国公众对中国环保形象的正面图式具有动态、细节化的特点,主要受个人经验以及社交网络的影响,正面图式集中在环境改善成效、环保意识提升和清洁能源应用等方面。通过揭示英国公众对中国环保形象认知图式的特点和来源,并且基于对图式建构过程中的影响因素的分析,有助于判断中国环保形象传播面临的机会、阻力和突破口,从而以图式为鉴,消解国际传播信息理解过程中的隔阂与防御,提升中国环保形象,推进中外环境治理合作,共同应对全人类环境挑战。

As environmental issues become a new field for the international community to compete for discourse power and interests,the strategic significance of enhancing China's environmental protection image has increased significantly.An in-depth interview with the British public was conducted to explore the repre-sentation,source and related influencing factors of the British public's perception of China's environmental image.The negative schema of the British public on China's environmental issues are static and typographical,and are mainly influenced by traditional mainstream media.The negative patterns are concentrated on the state of the ecological environment,economic development models and the role of global climate governance.Under the influence of the"assimilation"of the schema,the Chinese environmental image in the eyes of the British public was formed.The British public’s front view of China’s environmental protection image is dynamic and detailed.It is mainly influenced by personal experience and social networks.The front view focuses on environmental improvement,environmental awareness and clean energy applications.By revealing the characteristics and sources of the British public's perception of China's environmental image,and based on the analysis of the influencing factors in the process of schema construction,it is helpful to judge the opportunities,resistances and breakthroughs faced by China's environmental image dissemination.Taking the schema as a guide is expected to eliminate the barriers and defenses in the process of understanding international dissemination of information,thereby enhancing China's environmental image,promoting Sino-foreign environmental governance cooperation,and promoting the cooperation in environmental governance between China and foreign countries to jointly meet the environmental challenges of all mankind.