负压环境对炸药爆炸冲击波影响的实验研究

Experimental Study on the Effect of Negative Pressure Environment on Explosion Shock Wave

为了研究负压环境对炸药爆炸冲击波的影响,在自制可调真空度爆炸容器中进行负压爆炸实验,采用PCB压力传感器测量罐体轴线固定位置点的冲击波超压,分析了在0、-20、-40、-60、-80、-90、-99kPa等不同负压环境下罐体内测点爆炸冲击波反射超压时程曲线。结果表明,爆炸环境负压降低,测点一次、二次冲击波峰值超压随之降低,在-40kPa和-99kPa负压环境下超压降低显著;爆炸冲击波速度大小与传播介质密度相关,即环境负压越低,气体越稀薄,冲击波传播速度越快;爆炸冲击波速度随环境负压降低而升高,与超压降低强度无相关性;负压环境不改变容器内实验雷管爆炸的气体产物生成量;在近似真空环境中,爆炸冲击波主要以爆轰产物为传播介质,冲击波速度提高受限于爆轰产物运动速度,强度弱,衰减迅速。

In order to study the influence of negative pressure environment on explosion shock wave,the experiment of negative pressure explosion was carried out in a designed adjustable vacuum explosion vessel.PCB pressure sensor was used to measure the overpressure of shock wave at fixed position of tank axis.The overpressure time history curves of the explosion shock wave at different negative pressure environments of 0,-20,-40,-60,-80,-90kPa were analyzed.The results show that the peak overpressure of the first and the second shock wave at the measuring point is reduced when the negative pressure of the explosion environment is reduced.The overpressure is decreased significantly under negative pressure environment of-40kPa and-99kPa.The velocity of explosion shock wave is related to the density of propagation medium,that is,the lower the negative pressure is,the thinner the gas is,and the faster the propagation velocity of shock wave is.The velocity of explosion shock wave increases with the decrease of negative pressure,and there is no correlation with the decrease of overpressure.Negative pressure environment does not change the amount of gas products produced by the explosion of detonator in the vessel.In the near absolute vacuum environment,the explosion shock wave mainly propagates by detonation products,and the increase of shock wave velocity is limited by the movement speed of detonation products.So the explosion shock wave is weak in intensity and decays rapidly.