中国制造业增长质量的行业差异及收敛性分析

Analysis on Industrial Difference and Convergence of China's Manufacturing Industry Growth Quality

在DEA方法基础上考虑污染等非期望产出的影响,建立多投入多产出的SBM模型,测算了2008-2018年中国30个制造业行业的增长质量,并按照要素投入和增长质量的关系通过系统聚类法将其分为四大类型。在此基础上,进行收敛性分析。结果表明:研究期内,中国制造业主要行业的增长质量均值约为0.759,表现尚可,但质量提升并不明显。中国制造业增长质量的行业间差异较大,电子、机械、纺织业属于低投入高质量类型,烟草、造纸和化纤制造业属于高投入低质量类型。中国制造业30个代表性行业的增长质量呈现收敛态势,行业间差异逐渐缩小,高投入低质量部门的收敛速度最快。最后根据研究结论提出了重视投入与质量的关系、打造产业链、加强行业间合作等对策建议。

On the basis of adopting the DEA method and considering the undesirable outputs such as pollution,the SBM model with multiple inputs and multiple outputs is established to estimate the growth quality of China's 30 double-digit manufacturing industries in 2008-2018,which is divided into four types according to the relationship between factor input and growth quality by the method of systematic clustering.On this basis,the convergence analysis is carried out.The results show that,the average quality of China's manufacturing industry development is about 0.759,which is fair during the research period,but the quality improvement is not obvious;there are great differences among manufacturing industries in China,in which,electronic,mechanical and textile industries belong to the type of low input and high quality,while tobacco,paper and chemical fiber manufacturing industries belong to the type of high input and low quality;the growth quality of 30 representative industries in China's manufacturing industries shows a trend of convergence,the differences between industries decrease gradually,and the convergence speed of high input and low quality sectors is the highest.Finally,according to the conclusion of the study,the paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions,such as attaching importance to the relationship between input and quality,building industrial chain and strengthening cooperation among industries.