有限元动态仿真建立4岁儿童“枕-寰-枢”关节模型

A 4-year-old child model of occipito-atlanto-axial joints established by finite element dynamic simulation

背景:儿童枕-寰-枢关节在形态发育、生理特性等方面有自身的特征,临床损伤较常见。建立有限元模型可更好地了解损伤机制,并为其颅颈交界区疾病的预防、诊治及内固定术器械设计、研发提供理论依据。目的:建立儿童C_(0)-C_(2)三维有限元模型,为进一步生物力学研究提供实验应用基础。方法:选择1例4岁正常儿童作为实验研究原始数据来源,通过64排螺旋CT薄层扫描获得原始数据,用Mimics、Geomagic Studio、Hypermesh、Abaqus等软件模拟建立C_(0)-C_(2)关节三维有限元模型,并对各方向活动度及力学特征进行验证。结果与结论:成功构建了包含韧带的4岁儿童C_(0)-C_(2)三维模型,包括444927个网格单元,657617个节点,各方向活动度良好,除C0-C1在前屈及左、右旋转运动度较大外,模型其他各方向运动范围均位于参考值范围。该C_(0)-C_(2)三维有限元模型局部受力及各方向活动度拟真度高,具有较好的几何相似性,模型真实有效。

BACKGROUND:Children’s occipito-atlanto-axial joints have their own characteristics in morphological development and physiological characteristics,and clinical injuries are more common.The establishment of finite element model can better understand the mechanism of injury,and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of craniocervical junction disease,as well as the design and development of internal fixation instruments.OBJECTIVE:To establish the C_(0)-C_(2) three-dimensional finite element model for children and to provide experimental application basis for further biomechanical research.METHODS:A 4-year-old normal child was selected as the experimental source of the original data.The original data were obtained by 64-slice spiral CT scanning.The three-dimensional finite element model of C_(0)-C_(2) joint was simulated by Mimics,Geomagic Studio,Hypermesh,Abaqus and other software,and the motion range and mechanical characteristics of each direction were verified.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The 4-year old child C_(0)-C_(2) three-dimensional model containing ligaments was successfully constructed,including 444927 grid cells and 657617 nodes.The range of motion in all directions was good,and the range of motion in all directions of the model was located in the reference range except that C0-C1 had a large degree of motion in forward flexion and left and right rotation.The C_(0)-C_(2) three-dimensional finite element model has high quasi-truth of local force and activity in all directions,and has good geometric similarity,so the model is real and effective.