上颌窦底外提升术中骨移植材料研究进展

Research progress of bone graft materials in maxillary sinus floor elevation

上颌后牙缺失后,缺牙区骨高度严重不足,常需行上颌窦底外提升术来改善。手术通过在上颌窦底壁与上颌窦膜之间植入较多的骨移植材料以形成成骨空间,并促进成骨,最终获得足够的骨高度,满足种植体植入的需求。目前,临床应用的骨移植材料主要有自体骨、同种异体骨、异种骨和人工合成骨替代材料,各种材料均存在一定的优势及局限性。此外,一些组织工程材料也在研究发展当中。本文将对上述应用于上颌窦底外提升术的各种骨移植材料作一综述。

After the maxillary posterior teeth are missing,the height of the missing teeth area is seriously insufficient,and it often needs to be improved by elevating the maxillary sinus floor.During the operation,many bone graft materials were implanted between the maxillary sinus floor and the maxillary sinus membrane to form osteogenic space and promote osteogenesis.Finally,enough bone height was obtained to meet the demands of implant implantation.At present,there were mainly autogenous bone,allogeneic bone,xenogeneic bone and synthetic bone substitute materials in clinical application,all of which have certain advantages and limitations.In addition,some tissue engineering materials are also under research and development.Therefore,all kinds of bone graft m aterials used in maxillary sinus floor elevation will be summarized in this p aper.