基于知信行模式的健康教育对血液透析患者遵医行为及血磷控制水平的影响

Impacts of health education model based on knowledge,attitude and practice on compliance behavior and control level of serum phosphorus of patients undergoing hemodialysis

目的探究基于知信行模式(KAP)的健康教育在血液透析患者中的应用效果。方法选择2019年1月至2020年1月在我院血液净化中心的88例维持性血液透析患者,按照随机数字表法分为两组,每组各44例。对照组实施常规健康宣教,观察组实施基于KAP模式的健康教育,比较两组干预前及干预3个月后的遵医行为、自我效能评分、血磷值及血磷达标率。结果干预前两组遵医行为、自我效能评分、血磷值及血磷达标率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预3个月后观察组遵医行为评分、自我效能评分及血磷达标率均高于对照组,血磷值低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于KAP模式的健康教育在血液透析患者中应用效果确切,能够提高患者遵医行为及自我效能,控制血磷水平稳定,提高血磷达标率。

Objective To investigate the application efficacy of health education model based on knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)in patients undergoing hemodialysis.Methods A total of 88 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis admitted to our department's blood purification center from January 2019 to January 2020 were divided into the control group(n=44)and the observation group(n=44)according to the random number table method.The control group was given conventional health education,while the obs ervation group was given KAP-based health education model.The compliance behavior,self-efficiency score,serum phosphorus value and the control rate of serum phosphorus were compared between the two groups before the intervention and 3 months after intervention.Results Before intervention,there were no statistically significant differences in compliance behavior,self-efficiency score,serum phosphorus value and the control rate of serum phosphorus between the two groups(P>0.05).After 3 months of intervention,the scores of compliance behavior,self-efficiency and the control rate of serum phosphorus in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,while the serum phosphorus value was lower than that in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion KAP-based health education model has a definite efficacy in patients undergoing hemodialysis,which can improve patients'compliance behavior and self-efficiency,control the serum phosphorus leve l,and improve the control rate of serum phosphorus.