复杂地形下无人机倾斜摄影技术的校园三维实景建模

3D Campus Scene Modeling Based on UAV Tilt Photography in Complex Terrain

针对无人机倾斜摄影技术在复杂地形条件下三维实景建模的可行性及其精度是否满足实际大比例尺测量要求的问题,本文以福州市马尾区阳光学院校园为例,采用大疆经纬系列无人机搭载云眼系列五镜头相机的方式完成测区倾斜影像数据的采集.采用实时动态(Real-Time Kinematic,RTK)连接千寻CORS账号的量测方式完成测区控制点的采集.利用Bentley公司的实景建模软件ContextCapture对外业采集的数据进行内业处理,得到了该校园的高分辨率的三维实景模型、数字表面模型(DSM)和真正射影像(TDOM),并对三维模型进行精度分析.为了保证模型的精度,实验过程中通过布设较多控制点,分块航测,提高航向和旁向重叠度来提高模型精度.实验结果表明,与地面实测数据相比,采用上述技术所建立的校园三维实景模型的平面位置中误差和高程中误差均小于5 cm,满足实际大比例尺测量的要求,可为后期校园三维实景模型的二次开发提供重要的数据支持.

This study takes the campus of Yango University in Mawei District,Fuzhou City as an example to study the feasibility and accuracy of 3D modeling of UAV tilt photography in complex terrain.It adopts DJI Matrice series of UAVs carrying cloud eye series of five-lens cameras to collect tilt image data in the survey area.A real-time kinematic instrument connects Qianxun CORS account to complete the acquisition of control points in the survey area.With ContextCapture,a real-world modeling software of Bentley company,the data collected from the external operation is processed for internal operation.Consequently,the high-resolution 3D scene model,Digital Surface Model(DSM)and True Digital Orthophoto Map(TDOM)of the campus are obtained,and the accuracy of the 3D model is analyzed.In order to ensure the accuracy of the model,the experiment improves the accuracy of the model by setting more control points,making sub-regional aerial survey,and improving the overlap of heading and the side direction.Experimental results reveal that the mean square error of the plane position and the mean square error of the elevation of the 3D real scene model are less than 5 cm,which can meet the requirements of large-scale measurement and provide important data support for the secondary development of the 3D real scene model of the campus in the later stage.