基于对外贸易视角的清末广式家具纹样特征分析

Pattern Features of Cantonese Style Furniture in the Late Qing Dynasty from the Perspective of Foreign Trade

目的21世纪是全球贸易大发展时代,给传统家具制造业带来机遇和挑战。回归历史,以同处于对外贸易繁盛时期的清末广式外销家具为研究对象,探究各类家具类型的纹样特征,给现代传统家具的设计创新以启示。方法以广州十三行博物馆40件广式外销家具为研究对象,从家具纹样的寓意入手,分析各纹样的文化内涵并统计其频次;以示意图的方式总结得出各类家具通常装饰的部位及纹样;选取各家具类型中主要的装饰部位进行构图分析。结论经过统计分析发现“幸福绵延”的纹样寓意最受当时消费者的喜爱,不同家具类型的常用装饰部位和纹样都不同。纹样构图形式多样,主要有S形、C形、放射线条形和O形等,大部分纹样构图遵循对称原则。研究对外贸易影响下的清末广式家具纹样特征,是对传统家具制造业历史的回顾和总结,也是对现代传统家具创新设计方式的探索。

The 21st century is an era of great trade development,which brings opportunities and challenges to traditional furniture manufacturing.Returning to history,Cantonese furniture in the late Qing Dynasty was taken as the research object to explore the pattern characteristics of various furniture types and inspire modern traditional furniture design innovation.With 40 pieces of Cantonese exported furniture from the Guangzhou Thirteen Hongs Museum as the research object,starting from the allegory of furniture patterns,the cultural connotation of each pattern was analyzed and its frequency was counted;the most frequently decorated parts and patterns of each furniture were summarized in a schematic way;the main decorative parts of each furniture type were selected for composition analysis.According to the statistical analysis,it is found that the pattern of“Happiness and Longevity”is most loved by consumers at that time,and the common decorative parts and patterns of different furniture types are different.The pattern composition has various forms,mainly S-shaped,C-shaped,radial shaped,O-shaped,etc.Studying the characteristics of the patterns of Cantonese furniture in the late Qing Dynasty under the influence of foreign trade is a review and summary of the history of traditional furniture manufacturing,as well as an exploration of innovative design methods for modern traditional furniture.