欧盟公海保护区政策论析

Analysis on EU's Policies on High Seas Marine Protected Areas

欧盟将国家管辖范围以外区域的海洋保护区建设作为养护海洋生物多样性的主要途径,制定了目标明确的公海保护区政策,积极推进制定国际规制和2020年后全球公海保护高标准目标。欧盟积极推动公海保护区建设是保障自身海洋利益、谋求全球海洋事务主导地位、输出价值观、应对全球海洋生态环境挑战的必然要求,但在平衡养护与利用的关系、建设与管理的关系、生态与政治的关系方面存在一定的局限性。中国和欧盟可充分利用中欧蓝色伙伴关系等途径加强公海保护区事务的沟通、协调与合作。

The European Union regards marine protected areas(MPAs)as a major approach to conserve marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction and has formulated explicit policy on high seas MPAs.EU actively promotes international regulatory negotiations,and supports the establishment of high⁃standard post 2020 high seas protection targets.The EU’s active promotion of the construction of high seas MPAs is out of needs of safeguarding its own marine interests,seeking a leading position in global marine affairs,exporting values,and responding to global marine eco⁃environmental challenges.However,there remain some limitations in EU’s high seas MPAs policies in terms of balancing conservation and utilization,establishment and management,ecology and politics.China and EU could make full use of the China⁃EU Blue Partnership Framework and other channels to strengthen communication,coordination and cooperation on high seas MPAs.