子产之道、术与原始儒家精神

The Doctrine and Art of Zi Chan and the Primitive Confucian Spirit

春秋战国恰处人类文明的“轴心时代”。作为春秋时代的一代伟人,子产在新旧嬗变时期,怀抱“救世”理想,以“死社稷”的使命担当,注重经世致用,勇于随“时”而“变”,使得郑国得以“并立于中国”。子产的政治思想既具有“轴心时代”人文主义先觉特质,也具有高度的实践理性垂范价值:其以追商尊周、崇礼重德传承先哲道、术精髓,为以孔子为代表的儒家思想学派导夫先路;其以知行合一的实践理性精神,为儒学之士追求平治天下之事功理想树立典范;其坚持“礼”为体“术”为用理念,进而形成“救时”之急的施政良方,为后世政治家所推重。可以说,子产是春秋时代中原根性文化传承创新发展的重要代表人物,是先秦德性文化之“圣贤”人格典范,对后世文明的发展具有重要影响。

The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period were in the"Axis Age"of human civilization.As a great man of that age,Zi Chan combined the theory with reality and adapted himself to the changing circumstance,with that lofty ideal of saving the world and the political courage of sacrificing for the country in the transmutation period.With his efforts,the Kingdom of Zheng stood among the kingdoms in that age.His political thoughts had not only the characteristic of humanism foresight in the"Axial Age",but also the high value of practical rationality.He inherited the essence of sage′s doctrine and method that respected the Zhou and Shang Dynasties and valued ritual and virtue,and guided the Confucian school of thought represented by Confucius.His practical rationality that united knowledge and action,set up a model for the Confucian scholars to pursue the ideal of ruling the world fairly.He insisted on"Rite"and"Method",and then formed the method to save politics regarded highly by the later politicians.As it were,Zi Chan was the important representative of the centre plains root culture′inheritance and innovation in the Spring and Autumn Period,the"sage"personality model of virtue culture in Pre-qin Period,who had a significant influence on the development of the later civilization.