试论当代女性诗歌的“去性别化”写作——以杜涯、翟永明、冯晏的创作为例

On the"De-genderization"Writing in the Contemporary Female Poetry—Take Du Ya,Zhai Yongming and Feng Yan as Examples

20世纪90年代以后,中国当代女诗人中出现一种“去性别化”的写作倾向,女性写作不再是“脆弱”“敏感”“柔弱”等固化标签的代言词。在当代女诗人中,杜涯、翟永明、冯晏的创作比较独特。杜涯的诗歌从写作初期到现在一直没有明显的性别特征,这种“无性别化”写作使她在谈论“女性写作”这个主题时鲜被提及。翟永明在20世纪90年代以后的创作中逐渐淡化自己早年提出的“黑夜意识”,转向一种更加广阔、更加注重技术性的写作,这种“去性别化”写作方式,却因其“女性作者”的身份具有一种特殊的吸引力。在冯晏近些年的大部分作品中看不出其女性身份,她将其女性体验极为节制地融入创作中,将其“女性意识”藏在诗歌语言之后,使其语言散发出来一种独特的气息。当代女诗人的这种“去性别化”写作,因其不再依附于情感的宣泄或身体的反应,而体现出艺术特有的思辨性和共振性,从而走向一个更广阔的艺术天地。

Since the 1990s,there has appeared a writing tendency of"de-genderization"among Chinese contemporary female poets,and female writing was no longer labeled such as"fragile","sensitive"and"weak".Among contemporary female poets,the works of Du Ya,Zhai Yongming and Feng Yan are quite unique.Du Ya′s poems have no obvious gender characteristics from the beginning of her writing to the present,which makes her seldom mentioned when talking about the subject of"female writing".After the 1990s,Zhai Yongming has gradually desalinated the"night consciousness"proposed in her early years,and turned to a broader and more technical writing.This"de-genderization"writing style,however,has a special attraction because of its"female author"identity.In most of Feng Yan′s works in recent years,her female identity cannot be seen,so she integrates her female experience into her creation with extreme restraint,and hides her"female consciousness"behind the language of her poems,so that her language exudes a unique flavor.This kind of"de-genderization"writing of contemporary female poets is no longer attached to the emotional vent or the body reaction,but reflects the unique dialecticism and resonance of art,thus moving towards a broader art world.