冷战中后期东南亚安全格局中的美中苏大国博弈——以第三次印支战争为中心的考察

A Game of the United States,China and the Soviet Union in the Southeast Asian Security Structure During the Middle and Late Cold War:A Look at the Third Indo-Chinese War

东南亚安全格局是东南亚地区国际关系中带有全局性、整体性的问题。苏联在同美国的全球博弈过程中开始逐渐明确冷战中自身战略目标能否实现,关键在于取得第三世界亚非国家的理解和支持。苏联和美国都试图对这些新兴国家施加影响力,并控制这些国家倒向自身阵营,冷战中后期双方争夺的重点也开始转向这些新兴国家。美国在第三次印支战争期间,特别是中越边境战争期间的立场对这一时期东南亚安全格局的发展产生了极为重要的影响。美国在第三次印支战争期间对苏联的一系列严厉警告是导致苏联最终放弃直接干涉企图的重要原因之一。中国在谋划、实施和结束这场战争的全过程展现出中国领导人对当时中美准同盟关系的运用。

The security pattern of Southeast Asia is a global and holistic issue in the international relations of Southeast Asia.In the process of the Soviet Union’s global game with the United States,it gradually became clear that whether its own strategic goals during the Cold War could be achieved,the key lies in gaining the understanding and support of the third world Asian and African countries.Both the Soviet Union and the United States tried to exert influence on these emerging countries,and controlled these countries to their own camp.The focus of the two sides in the mid and late Cold War also began to shift to these emerging countries.The position of the United States during the Third Indo-Chinese War,especially during the Sino-Vietnamese Border War,exerted an extremely important influence on the development of Southeast Asian security during this period.The series of severe warnings issued by the United States to the Soviet Union during the Third Indo-Chinese War was one of the important reasons that caused the Soviet Union to finally give up its direct intervention attempts.The whole process of China’s planning,implementation and ending of this war demonstrated the use of Chinese leaders of the Sino-US quasi-alliance at that time.