电商平台法律关系思考——以服务协议和交易规则为视角

On Legal Relationships of E-commerce Platform Based on Service Agreements and Transaction Rules

为弥补网络经济领域行政监管力量之不足,《电子商务法》赋予了电商平台“准公共行政权”的内部管理权限,同时科以了严苛的监管不力之责任。为此,电商平台纷纷通过制定更为严格的服务协议和交易规则等途径来实现平台的内部管理。这种做法若把握失当,容易成为电商平台转嫁自身责任的工具,从而破坏电商平台与其内经营者间作为市场交易主体的平等关系,侵犯平台内经营者的自由经营权等权利,影响网络经济秩序的良性运行。因此,以电商平台服务协议和交易规则为视角,研究如何坚持两者应有的民商事平等主体关系为本体,切实落实政府相关部门的市场监管职责本源,并借助司法的事后审查纠偏等,规制电商平台的“准公共管理权”,具有非常现实的必要性。

In order to make up for the lack of administrative supervision in the field of network economy,the e-commerce law endows the e-commerce platform with the internal management authority of“quasi public administrative power”,and at the same time,it takes the responsibility of strict supervision.Therefore,e-commerce platforms have developed more stringent service agreements and trading rules to achieve internal management of the platform.If this approach is not properly grasped,it is easy to become a tool for e-commerce platforms to transfer their own responsibilities,thus destroying the equal relationship between e-commerce platforms and their operators as the main body of market transactions,infringing on the rights of operators in the platform such as the right to operate freely,and affecting the good operation of the network economic order.Therefore,from the perspective of e-commerce platform service agreement and transaction rules,it is very necessary to study how to adhere to the equal subject relationship between civil and commercial affairs,effectively implement the market supervision responsibility of relevant government departments,and regulate the“quasi public management right”of e-commerce platform with the help of judicial review and correction.