存在、理性与乌托邦:《马利纳》与《英儿》的三边人物关系析论

Existence,Rationality and Utopia:an Analysis of the Trilateral Character Relationship in Malina and Ying-Er

20世纪70年代奥地利著名诗人巴赫曼的书作《马利纳》与20年后中国著名诗人顾城的书作《英儿》在许多方面有着巧合的共同特征。这两部半自传体小说均创作于诗人深陷精神危机的生命最后阶段,皆以不同常规的叙述、风格鲜明的自白语言表现了作家的存在危机,而情节也始终围绕一组微妙的三人关系。结合两位作家的文学创作、哲学思想和个人经历研究,这两本著作中共同存在的三角恋冲突并非单纯的情感纠纷,实则表现出两位主人公在爱与美的乌托邦与理性秩序间游移的矛盾。危险的三人关系反映出叙述者绝望的生存环境,一定程度上折射出现实生活中作家共同面临的艺术与生活之战。

Malina,a book written by a famous Austrian poetess Ingeborg Bachmann in the 1970s has much in common in many aspects with Ying-Er,a book published two decades later by a noted Chinese poet Gu Cheng.Written at the end of the writers’life when they were suffering from spiritual crisis,these two semi-autobiographical novels both express the existential crisis of the writers with unconventional narration,distinctive confessional language style and revolve around a significant love triangle.Integrating the literary and philosophical ideas as well as personal experiences of these two writers,the present researcher finds that the trilateral character relationship mode shared by the two books should not be reduced to romantic tussles,rather,it reflects the dilemma faced by the protagonists who linger between Utopia of beauty and reason.The dangerous love triangle reflects the desperate survival environment of the narrators and to some extent,it reveals the war of art and life faced by the two writers in reality.