四川广汉龙居寺中殿建筑热湿环境特征研究

Research on the hygrothermal environment of the middle hall building of Longju Temple,Guanghan

为了解广汉龙居寺中殿建筑热湿环境特征,采用基于物联网技术的环境温湿度监测系统对建筑空间温度和相对湿度进行监测,分析建筑空间温湿度时空变化规律,评估建筑热湿环境特征,探讨热湿环境对文物保存的影响。结果表明,该建筑对外界环境温湿度变化具有较好的缓冲和隔离作用,建筑内部热湿环境对文物保存不利,主要体现在相对湿度高、波动大,湿度调控将是文物预防性保护的关键。建筑热湿环境为壁画酥碱和霉斑病害主要成因,同时促进了编竹夹泥墙体结构安全问题的发生。研究成果不仅丰富了对四川地区明代编竹夹泥墙木结构古建筑热湿环境特征的认识,而且为该建筑壁画病害和墙体结构安全问题的成因分析提供了依据。

In order to ascertain the hygrothermal environment of the middle hall building of Longju Temple,the temperature and relative humidity in building spaces were measured by a monitoring system based on Internet of Things technology.The spatial-temporal distribution of temperature and the relative humidity were analyzed.The characteristics of the hygrothermal environment were then evaluated.The influence on cultural relics was also considered.The results show that the building has good buffering and isolating effects against changes of external temperature and humidity,but that the internal hygrothermal environment is not conducive to the preservation of cultural relics due to high relative humidity and great fluctuation of humidity.Therefore,controlling humidity is the key to preventive conservation of cultural relics.The hygrothermal environment is the main cause of mildew on and other damage to the murals and it also threatens the structural safety of the bamboo-woven clay wall.These research results could enrich the hygrothermal environment understanding of ancient wooden buildings with bamboo-woven clay wall and provide a basis for understanding the causes of mural damage and wall structural problems.